{"id":2670,"date":"2024-11-13T21:09:04","date_gmt":"2024-11-13T20:09:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/?p=2670"},"modified":"2025-09-06T18:21:22","modified_gmt":"2025-09-06T16:21:22","slug":"carovna-mista-lekarna-s-pohnutou-historii-chranena-orlimi-kridly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/?p=2670","title":{"rendered":"\u010carovn\u00e1 m\u00edsta: l\u00e9k\u00e1rna s pohnutou histori\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 orl\u00edmi k\u0159\u00eddly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Komu nen\u00ed sh\u016fry d\u00e1no, v apatyce nekoup\u00ed&#8230; Leccos u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9ho by tam ale sehnat mohl! Na chv\u00edli zav\u0159ete o\u010di (tedy a\u017e se do\u010dtete na konec t\u00e9hle v\u011bty) a zkuste si vzpomenout, co se v\u00e1m vybav\u00ed, kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne &#8222;apatyka&#8220;. J\u00e1 si vzpomenu hned na n\u011bkolik v\u011bc\u00ed: zaprv\u00e9 opojn\u00e1 v\u016fn\u011b bylinek, kter\u00e1 se line z mnoha l\u00e9k\u00e1ren, pak taky v\u00e1hy, a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b i mocn\u00e1 orl\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddla&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00e1p\u00ed-li n\u00e1s n\u011bjak\u00fd neduh, je to v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b snadn\u00e9: l\u00e9ka\u0159 v\u00e1m nap\u00ed\u0161e recept, l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edk v\u00e1m vyd\u00e1 l\u00e9k. V d\u00e1vn\u00e9 minulosti to tak jednoduch\u00e9 nebylo a role l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edka \u010dasto spl\u00fdvala s rol\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Takov\u00fd apatyk\u00e1\u0159, latinsky apothecarius, byl \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd se orientoval v bylink\u00e1ch a dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch surovin\u00e1ch a dok\u00e1zal z nich z\u00edskat l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 bu\u010f l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 doopravdy byly, nebo se alespo\u0148 v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 jsou. A to v\u00edte, \u017ee v\u00e1m tehdy nep\u0159isp\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 poji\u0161\u0165ovna. Poj\u010fme se na chv\u00edli p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011b propadnout zapr\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdmi vrstvami \u010dasu a\u017e n\u011bkam do 15. stolet\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7287-700x525.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3046\" style=\"width:544px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7287-700x525.jpg 700w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7287-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7287-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7287-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7287-1140x855.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7287.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak to v t\u011bch dob\u00e1ch v l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00e1ch vypadalo? M\u00edvaly velk\u00e9 kulat\u00e9 okno jako ostatn\u00ed &#8222;kr\u00e1my kupeck\u00e9&#8220;, uvnit\u0159 se ov\u0161em zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161ily. V takov\u00e9 star\u00e9 l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u011b bylo v\u0161e pe\u010dliv\u011b urovn\u00e1no, ozna\u010deno, st\u00e1ly tu vyrovnan\u00e9 d\u017eb\u00e1nky, v\u00e1hy, hmo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e, mohli jste tu v\u00eddat soudky s mandlemi, km\u00ednem, kamencem, \u0161afr\u00e1nem, sklenice s barvami, ale tak\u00e9 pern\u00edk a dokonce parmez\u00e1n, nebo taky s\u00edru a rtu\u0165. Rozli\u010dn\u00e9 to v\u011bci nalezl \u010dlov\u011bk v apatyce a je\u0161t\u011b k tomu apatyk\u00e1\u0159i fu\u0161ovali do \u0159emesla cukr\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a sv\u00edcn\u00edk\u016fm. Mohli jste tam po\u0159\u00eddit sirupy, medy, lektvary, pr\u00e1\u0161ky na zuby, na &#8222;vole&#8220;, &#8222;\u0161krkavky&#8220;&#8230; V\u00edce byste si p\u0159e\u010detli v knize \u0158emesla na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f od Miroslava Janotky a Karla Linharta, kte\u0159\u00ed &#8222;apatyk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm&#8220; a jejich kr\u00e1m\u016fm v\u011bnovali celou jednu kapitolu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve stolet\u00ed patn\u00e1ct\u00e9m byste v Praze na\u0161li dokonce 13 l\u00e9k\u00e1ren. Naj\u00edt apatyku na venkov\u011b u\u017e byl tvrd\u0161\u00ed o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ek (ale t\u0159eba v Litom\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch nebo Litomy\u0161li ji u\u017e ve 14. stolet\u00ed m\u011bli). Ov\u0161em pra\u017e\u0161t\u00ed apatyk\u00e1\u0159i nelenili a obj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bli se sv\u00fdmi l\u00e9\u010divy jarmarky, a l\u00e9ky se tud\u00ed\u017e za hranice Prahy ur\u010dit\u011b dostaly. Vra\u0165me se ov\u0161em do hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta, kde u\u017e na konci 14. stolet\u00ed m\u011bl apatyku t\u0159eba takov\u00fd Augustin, co\u017e byl p\u016fvodem Vlach (neboli Ital) z Florencie, jeho l\u00e9k\u00e1rna se jmenovala U Mou\u0159en\u00edn\u016f a s\u00eddlila na Mal\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed, kousek od dne\u0161n\u00edho Starom\u011bstsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed. Rovn\u011b\u017e na Mal\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed provozoval sv\u00e9 apatyk\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0159emeslo dal\u0161\u00ed Ital, And\u011bl z Florencie. Je\u0161t\u011b \u017ee tehdej\u0161\u00ed Pra\u017ean\u00e9 m\u011bli tu Florencii&#8230; Do t\u0159etice na Mal\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed s\u00eddlila je\u0161t\u011b l\u00e9k\u00e1rna U Lilium, kterou vlastnil pan Onofor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7312-700x607.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3048\" style=\"width:492px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7312-700x607.jpg 700w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7312-300x260.jpg 300w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7312-768x666.jpg 768w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7312-1536x1332.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7312-1140x989.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7312.jpg 1733w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pozvu v\u00e1s te\u010f do jedn\u00e9 opravdu starobyl\u00e9 a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 a stylov\u00e9 apatyky, sta\u010d\u00ed kdy\u017e vystoup\u00edte na Malostransk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed z tramvaje nebo si tam dojdete p\u011b\u0161ky a kolem kostela svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e se vyd\u00e1te vzh\u016fru sm\u011brem k Nerudov\u011b ulici. Po prav\u00e9 stran\u011b, tam, kde za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed dv\u011b na sebe kolm\u00e9 ulice &#8211; Nerudova a Z\u00e1meck\u00e1 -, v\u00e1s upout\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1 pod\u00edvan\u00e1 ve v\u00fdloze: starobyl\u00e9 l\u00e9k\u00e1rensk\u00e9 v\u00e1hy, r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1dobky, hmo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e a dal\u0161\u00ed divutvorn\u00e9 l\u00e9k\u00e1rnick\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1s p\u0159enesou rovn\u00fdma nohama do star\u00fdch \u010das\u016f. Kdy\u017e budete m\u00edt chvilku a chu\u0165 si koupit n\u011bco l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9ho, i kdyby to m\u011bl b\u00fdt &#8222;jen&#8220; \u010daj, m\u016f\u017eete vej\u00edt dovnit\u0159, kde v\u00e1s uv\u00edt\u00e1 stejn\u011b starobyl\u00fd interi\u00e9r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7313-700x525.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3043\" style=\"width:505px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7313-700x525.jpg 700w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7313-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7313-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7313-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7313-1140x855.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7313.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Historie tohoto l\u00e9k\u00e1rensk\u00e9ho domu je skute\u010dn\u011b dlouh\u00e1, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u\u017e v 15. stolet\u00ed, ale dal\u0161\u00ed roky jsou poznamen\u00e1ny smutn\u00fdmi, ba dokonce n\u00e1siln\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi. V bou\u0159liv\u00e9 dob\u011b pob\u011blohorsk\u00e9 neboli po roce 1620 z\u00edskal rohovou apatyku p\u00e1n Daniel Kapr z Kapr\u0161tejna, toho v\u0161ak nechala sv\u00fdm milencem \u00fakladn\u011b zavra\u017edit jeho man\u017eelka. Tento hanebn\u00fd \u010din st\u00e1l oba vin\u00edky krk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apatyka pak p\u0159e\u0161la do rukou pov\u011bt\u0161inou dvorn\u00edch l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edk\u016f &#8211; ostatn\u011b Pra\u017esk\u00fd hrad je odtud p\u0159ece jen n\u011bkolik minut ch\u016fze do prudk\u00e9ho kopce. Pov\u011bsti prav\u00ed, \u017ee se zde p\u0159ipravovaly recepty podle alchymisty Edwarda Kelleyho. V\u011b\u0159te, nev\u011b\u0159te&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u016fle\u017eitou postavou v historii l\u00e9k\u00e1rny byl rozhodn\u011b Benjamin Fragner, jeho\u017e jm\u00e9no l\u00e9k\u00e1rna dodnes nese. Fragner tu provozoval svou \u010dinnost v 19. stolet\u00ed a povedlo se mu vyrobit velice \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou, takzvanou Pra\u017eskou dom\u00e1c\u00ed mast. Jeho synov\u00e9 pak roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili podnik na velkov\u00fdrobu a z Fragnerovy farmaceutick\u00e9 produkce vze\u0161ly tehdy velice obl\u00edben\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, Balsam Dr. Rosy pro \u017ealudek a v\u011bhlasn\u00e9 sirupy proti ka\u0161li Sibrumin a Thymomel. Fragner\u016fv syn Karel nechal ke konci 19. stolet\u00ed postavit na rohu ulice nov\u00fd d\u016fm, kter\u00fd se py\u0161nil sgrafity od Mikol\u00e1\u0161e Al\u0161e a v suter\u00e9nu m\u011bl v\u00fdzkumnou laborato\u0159. Ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b se jednalo o nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9k\u00e1rnu v Praze. Karl\u016fv syn Ji\u0159\u00ed to pak ve dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch letech dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed &#8222;rozjel&#8220; opravdu ve velk\u00e9m, kv\u016fli veden\u00ed firmy se dokonce p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b vr\u00e1til ze studijn\u00edho pobytu v USA. V\u00fdroba se p\u0159esunula do velk\u00fdch tov\u00e1rn\u00edch hal v Doln\u00edch M\u011bcholupech u Prahy, a projekt tov\u00e1rny a veden\u00ed stavby sv\u011b\u0159il Ji\u0159\u00ed sv\u00e9mu bratrovi, architektu Jaroslavovi Fragnerovi. Tov\u00e1rna m\u011bla i vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed. Jak velk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj stoj\u00ed za touto zd\u00e1nliv\u011b malou l\u00e9k\u00e1rni\u010dkou pod orl\u00edmi k\u0159\u00eddly&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce byl podnik zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn, a to u\u017e je jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, odehr\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed se pod jm\u00e9nem Spojen\u00e9 farmaceutick\u00e9 z\u00e1vody neboli SPOFA&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7290-700x525.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3049\" style=\"width:536px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7290-700x525.jpg 700w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7290-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7290-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7290-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7290-1140x855.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/IMG_7290.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b si nelze nev\u0161imnout n\u00e1dhern\u00e9ho domovn\u00edho znamen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 &#8211; spolu s Fragnerov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00edm &#8211; d\u00e1v\u00e1 podniku jm\u00e9no: Fragnerova l\u00e9k\u00e1rna U \u010cern\u00e9ho orla, a tak\u00e9 dnes zde m\u016f\u017eete zakoupit l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky zhotoven\u00e9 dle vlastn\u00edch receptur l\u00e9k\u00e1rny. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A to v\u00edte, nebyla bych to j\u00e1, abych jim tam nenasadila \u010darod\u011bjnici. Tak\u017ee a\u017e p\u016fjdete kolem, vyhl\u00ed\u017eejte Eleonoru, jestli se n\u00e1hodou zrovna nevrac\u00ed z l\u00e9k\u00e1rny zp\u00e1tky dom\u016f. Pozn\u00e1te ji snadno, kr\u00e1sn\u00e1, \u010dernovlas\u00e1, zamy\u0161len\u00e1, s tmav\u011b modrou aurou&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 dny &#8211; a a\u0165 v\u00e1m zdrav\u00ed\u010dko slou\u017e\u00ed!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00edce se m\u016f\u017eete do\u010d\u00edst zde: <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karel_Fragner\">https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karel_Fragner<\/a> ,  <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Fragner\">https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Fragner<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lekarna-orel.cz\/\">https:\/\/www.lekarna-orel.cz\/<\/a> a v knize \u0158emesla na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f &#8211; Miroslav Janotka a Karel Linhart<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Komu nen\u00ed sh\u016fry d\u00e1no, v apatyce nekoup\u00ed&#8230; Leccos u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9ho by tam ale sehnat mohl! Na chv\u00edli zav\u0159ete o\u010di (tedy a\u017e se do\u010dtete na konec t\u00e9hle v\u011bty) a zkuste si vzpomenout, co se v\u00e1m vybav\u00ed, kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne &#8222;apatyka&#8220;. J\u00e1 si vzpomenu hned na n\u011bkolik v\u011bc\u00ed: zaprv\u00e9 opojn\u00e1 v\u016fn\u011b bylinek, kter\u00e1 se line z mnoha l\u00e9k\u00e1ren, pak taky v\u00e1hy, a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b i mocn\u00e1 orl\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddla&#8230; Tr\u00e1p\u00ed-li n\u00e1s n\u011bjak\u00fd neduh, je to v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b snadn\u00e9: l\u00e9ka\u0159 v\u00e1m nap\u00ed\u0161e recept, l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edk v\u00e1m vyd\u00e1 l\u00e9k. V d\u00e1vn\u00e9 minulosti to tak jednoduch\u00e9 nebylo a role l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edka \u010dasto spl\u00fdvala s rol\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Takov\u00fd apatyk\u00e1\u0159, latinsky apothecarius, byl \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd se orientoval v bylink\u00e1ch a dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch surovin\u00e1ch a dok\u00e1zal z nich z\u00edskat l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 bu\u010f l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 doopravdy byly, nebo se alespo\u0148 v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 jsou. A to v\u00edte, \u017ee v\u00e1m tehdy nep\u0159isp\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 poji\u0161\u0165ovna. Poj\u010fme se na chv\u00edli p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011b propadnout zapr\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdmi vrstvami \u010dasu a\u017e n\u011bkam do 15. stolet\u00ed&#8230; Jak to v t\u011bch dob\u00e1ch v l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00e1ch vypadalo? M\u00edvaly velk\u00e9 kulat\u00e9 okno jako ostatn\u00ed &#8222;kr\u00e1my kupeck\u00e9&#8220;, uvnit\u0159 se ov\u0161em zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161ily. V takov\u00e9 star\u00e9 l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u011b bylo v\u0161e pe\u010dliv\u011b urovn\u00e1no, ozna\u010deno, st\u00e1ly tu vyrovnan\u00e9 d\u017eb\u00e1nky, v\u00e1hy, hmo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e, mohli jste tu v\u00eddat soudky s mandlemi, km\u00ednem, kamencem, \u0161afr\u00e1nem, sklenice s barvami, ale tak\u00e9 pern\u00edk a dokonce parmez\u00e1n, nebo taky s\u00edru a rtu\u0165. Rozli\u010dn\u00e9 to v\u011bci nalezl \u010dlov\u011bk v apatyce a je\u0161t\u011b k tomu apatyk\u00e1\u0159i fu\u0161ovali do \u0159emesla cukr\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a sv\u00edcn\u00edk\u016fm. Mohli jste tam po\u0159\u00eddit sirupy, medy, lektvary, pr\u00e1\u0161ky na zuby, na &#8222;vole&#8220;, &#8222;\u0161krkavky&#8220;&#8230; V\u00edce byste si p\u0159e\u010detli v knize \u0158emesla na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f od Miroslava Janotky a Karla Linharta, kte\u0159\u00ed &#8222;apatyk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm&#8220; a jejich kr\u00e1m\u016fm v\u011bnovali celou jednu kapitolu. Ve stolet\u00ed patn\u00e1ct\u00e9m byste v Praze na\u0161li dokonce 13 l\u00e9k\u00e1ren. Naj\u00edt apatyku na venkov\u011b u\u017e byl tvrd\u0161\u00ed o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ek (ale t\u0159eba v Litom\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch nebo Litomy\u0161li ji u\u017e ve 14. stolet\u00ed m\u011bli). Ov\u0161em pra\u017e\u0161t\u00ed apatyk\u00e1\u0159i nelenili a obj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bli se sv\u00fdmi l\u00e9\u010divy jarmarky, a l\u00e9ky se tud\u00ed\u017e za hranice Prahy ur\u010dit\u011b dostaly. Vra\u0165me se ov\u0161em do hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta, kde u\u017e na konci 14. stolet\u00ed m\u011bl apatyku t\u0159eba takov\u00fd Augustin, co\u017e byl p\u016fvodem Vlach (neboli Ital) z Florencie, jeho l\u00e9k\u00e1rna se jmenovala U Mou\u0159en\u00edn\u016f a s\u00eddlila na Mal\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed, kousek od dne\u0161n\u00edho Starom\u011bstsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed. Rovn\u011b\u017e na Mal\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed provozoval sv\u00e9 apatyk\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0159emeslo dal\u0161\u00ed Ital, And\u011bl z Florencie. Je\u0161t\u011b \u017ee tehdej\u0161\u00ed Pra\u017ean\u00e9 m\u011bli tu Florencii&#8230; Do t\u0159etice na Mal\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed s\u00eddlila je\u0161t\u011b l\u00e9k\u00e1rna U Lilium, kterou vlastnil pan Onofor. Pozvu v\u00e1s te\u010f do jedn\u00e9 opravdu starobyl\u00e9 a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 a stylov\u00e9 apatyky, sta\u010d\u00ed kdy\u017e vystoup\u00edte na Malostransk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed z tramvaje nebo si tam dojdete p\u011b\u0161ky a kolem kostela svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e se vyd\u00e1te vzh\u016fru sm\u011brem k Nerudov\u011b ulici. Po prav\u00e9 stran\u011b, tam, kde za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed dv\u011b na sebe kolm\u00e9 ulice &#8211; Nerudova a Z\u00e1meck\u00e1 -, v\u00e1s upout\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1 pod\u00edvan\u00e1 ve v\u00fdloze: starobyl\u00e9 l\u00e9k\u00e1rensk\u00e9 v\u00e1hy, r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1dobky, hmo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159e a dal\u0161\u00ed divutvorn\u00e9 l\u00e9k\u00e1rnick\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1s p\u0159enesou rovn\u00fdma nohama do star\u00fdch \u010das\u016f. Kdy\u017e budete m\u00edt chvilku a chu\u0165 si koupit n\u011bco l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9ho, i kdyby to m\u011bl b\u00fdt &#8222;jen&#8220; \u010daj, m\u016f\u017eete vej\u00edt dovnit\u0159, kde v\u00e1s uv\u00edt\u00e1 stejn\u011b starobyl\u00fd interi\u00e9r. Historie tohoto l\u00e9k\u00e1rensk\u00e9ho domu je skute\u010dn\u011b dlouh\u00e1, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u\u017e v 15. stolet\u00ed, ale dal\u0161\u00ed roky jsou poznamen\u00e1ny smutn\u00fdmi, ba dokonce n\u00e1siln\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi. V bou\u0159liv\u00e9 dob\u011b pob\u011blohorsk\u00e9 neboli po roce 1620 z\u00edskal rohovou apatyku p\u00e1n Daniel Kapr z Kapr\u0161tejna, toho v\u0161ak nechala sv\u00fdm milencem \u00fakladn\u011b zavra\u017edit jeho man\u017eelka. Tento hanebn\u00fd \u010din st\u00e1l oba vin\u00edky krk. Apatyka pak p\u0159e\u0161la do rukou pov\u011bt\u0161inou dvorn\u00edch l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edk\u016f &#8211; ostatn\u011b Pra\u017esk\u00fd hrad je odtud p\u0159ece jen n\u011bkolik minut ch\u016fze do prudk\u00e9ho kopce. Pov\u011bsti prav\u00ed, \u017ee se zde p\u0159ipravovaly recepty podle alchymisty Edwarda Kelleyho. V\u011b\u0159te, nev\u011b\u0159te&#8230; D\u016fle\u017eitou postavou v historii l\u00e9k\u00e1rny byl rozhodn\u011b Benjamin Fragner, jeho\u017e jm\u00e9no l\u00e9k\u00e1rna dodnes nese. Fragner tu provozoval svou \u010dinnost v 19. stolet\u00ed a povedlo se mu vyrobit velice \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou, takzvanou Pra\u017eskou dom\u00e1c\u00ed mast. Jeho synov\u00e9 pak roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili podnik na velkov\u00fdrobu a z Fragnerovy farmaceutick\u00e9 produkce vze\u0161ly tehdy velice obl\u00edben\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, Balsam Dr. Rosy pro \u017ealudek a v\u011bhlasn\u00e9 sirupy proti ka\u0161li Sibrumin a Thymomel. Fragner\u016fv syn Karel nechal ke konci 19. stolet\u00ed postavit na rohu ulice nov\u00fd d\u016fm, kter\u00fd se py\u0161nil sgrafity od Mikol\u00e1\u0161e Al\u0161e a v suter\u00e9nu m\u011bl v\u00fdzkumnou laborato\u0159. Ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b se jednalo o nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9k\u00e1rnu v Praze. Karl\u016fv syn Ji\u0159\u00ed to pak ve dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch letech dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed &#8222;rozjel&#8220; opravdu ve velk\u00e9m, kv\u016fli veden\u00ed firmy se dokonce p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b vr\u00e1til ze studijn\u00edho pobytu v USA. V\u00fdroba se p\u0159esunula do velk\u00fdch tov\u00e1rn\u00edch hal v Doln\u00edch M\u011bcholupech u Prahy, a projekt tov\u00e1rny a veden\u00ed stavby sv\u011b\u0159il Ji\u0159\u00ed sv\u00e9mu bratrovi, architektu Jaroslavovi Fragnerovi. Tov\u00e1rna m\u011bla i vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed. Jak velk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj stoj\u00ed za touto zd\u00e1nliv\u011b malou l\u00e9k\u00e1rni\u010dkou pod orl\u00edmi k\u0159\u00eddly&#8230; Po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce byl podnik zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn, a to u\u017e je jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, odehr\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed se pod jm\u00e9nem Spojen\u00e9 farmaceutick\u00e9 z\u00e1vody neboli SPOFA&#8230; Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b si nelze nev\u0161imnout n\u00e1dhern\u00e9ho domovn\u00edho znamen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 &#8211; spolu s Fragnerov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00edm &#8211; d\u00e1v\u00e1 podniku jm\u00e9no: Fragnerova l\u00e9k\u00e1rna U \u010cern\u00e9ho orla, a tak\u00e9 dnes zde m\u016f\u017eete zakoupit l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky zhotoven\u00e9 dle vlastn\u00edch receptur l\u00e9k\u00e1rny. A to v\u00edte, nebyla bych to j\u00e1, abych jim tam nenasadila \u010darod\u011bjnici. Tak\u017ee a\u017e p\u016fjdete kolem, vyhl\u00ed\u017eejte Eleonoru, jestli se n\u00e1hodou zrovna nevrac\u00ed z l\u00e9k\u00e1rny zp\u00e1tky dom\u016f. Pozn\u00e1te ji snadno, kr\u00e1sn\u00e1, \u010dernovlas\u00e1, zamy\u0161len\u00e1, s tmav\u011b modrou aurou&#8230; Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 dny &#8211; a a\u0165 v\u00e1m zdrav\u00ed\u010dko slou\u017e\u00ed! V\u00edce se m\u016f\u017eete do\u010d\u00edst zde: https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karel_Fragner , https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Fragner , https:\/\/www.lekarna-orel.cz\/ a v knize \u0158emesla na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f &#8211; Miroslav Janotka a Karel Linhart<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":275,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-carovna-mista"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2670"}],"version-history":[{"count":45,"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3050,"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670\/revisions\/3050"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petrakubaskova.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}